backward
adj. 向后的；反向的；发展迟缓的
adv. 向后地；相反地
adj.
向后的；反向的；怯生生的；落后的
adv.
向后地；相反地；回溯地；
双语释义
adj.(形容词)向后的；朝后的 directed or moving towards the back; directed towards the back, the beginning, or the past
倒退的；反向的 moving in a direction that means that no progress is being made
落后的；缓慢的 having made less progress than normal; developing slowly; late in development
英英释义
backward[ 'bækwəd ]
adj.
directed or facing toward the back or rear
"a backward view"
(used of temperament or behavior) marked by a retiring nature
"a backward lover"
retarded in intellectual development
同义词：feebleminded
adv.
at or to or toward the back or rear
"tripped when he stepped backward"
同义词：backbackwardsrearwardrearwards
in a manner or order or direction the reverse of normal
"it's easy to get the `i' and the `e' backward in words like `seize' and `siege'"; "the child put her jersey on backward"
同义词：backwards
in or to or toward a past time
"lovers of the past looking fondly backward"
同义词：back
词汇搭配
用作形容词 (adj.)
～+名词
backward area落后的区域
backward child迟钝的孩子
backward country落后的国家
backward district落后地区
backward glance向后一看
backward look回顾
backward movement向后的动作
backward part落后地区
backward process相反的程序
backward region落后地区
backward season迟来的季节
backward student落后的学生
backward suitor羞怯的求婚者
backward technique技术落后
backward movement of the truck卡车的倒车
backward fall into the water仰天跌入水中
副词+～
intellectually backward智力差
～+介词
backward at在…上差
backward in在…方面落后
词组短语
backward area落后地区
step backward倒退；返回；逐帧倒放
backward country经济落后国家
backward extrusion反挤压；反向挤压；逆向挤制
backward compatibility向后兼容；反向兼容性
backward position反转位置，回程位置
backward integration向后整合
backward movement反向运动
backward wave oscillator逆波振荡器
backward somersault倒毛跟斗；倒筋斗跳；后空翻
同近义词辨析
hind, backward, behind, back这组词都有“在后，向后”的意思，其区别是：
hind指成对并且分前后的东西的“后面的”。
backward可用于人或物，指向后的，落后的或迟钝的。
behind指一物同它物相对的位置或场所。
back作为副词或形容词时，强调所修饰物的位置以及动作运动方向。
双语例句
用作形容词(adj.)
He took a backward step and ran away.
他向后退了一步,跑了。
This part of the country is still backward.
这个国家的这个地区仍很落后。
Although he is clever, he is backward in giving his views.
他虽然很聪明，却不善发表他的意见。
用作副词(adv.)
He looked backward over his shoulder.
他回头向后看。
He stepped backward and fell over the cliff.
他向后退了一步就从悬崖上掉下去了。
权威例句
The Moral Basis of a Backward SocietyThe moral basis of a backward society.
Hypertension: steps forward and steps backward.
Forward/Backward spatial smoothing techniques for coherent signal Identification
Understanding the Backward Slices of Performance Degrading Instructions
Signal Recovery by Proximal Forward-Backward Splitting
Looking Forward and Looking Backward: Cognitive and Experiential Search
Optimal paths for a car that goes both forward and backward
Experimental and theoretical investigation of backward-facing step flow
Does Foreign Direct Investment Increase the Productivity of Domestic Firms? In Search of Spillovers through Backward Linkages
backward (adv.)
c. 1300, from abakward, from Old English on bæc (see back (adv.)) + -weard adjectival and adverbial suffix (see -ward). Old English had the adverb bæcling. As an adjective, from 1550s. Meaning "behindhand with regard to progress" is first attested 1690s. To ring bells backward (from lowest to highest), c. 1500, was a signal of alarm for fire or invasion, or to express dismay. Another Middle English word for "backward, wrongly" was arseward (c. 1400); Old English had earsling.
1. He cut the ball so that it bounded almost backward.
他斜削这个球，使其几乎向后弹起。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
2. The backward place has changed into an industrial centre.
那落后的地方变成了工业中心。
《新英汉大辞典》
3. Browse diagrams keep a history of the views it displays so that you can navigate forward and backward from each view.
浏览图可以保持它所显示视图的历史记录，因此您可以从任何一个视图向前或者向后导航。
www.ibm.com
4. The upshot is that if the rider leans forward he travels forward, whereas if he leans backward the machine will stop and then go into reverse.
结果就是如果驾驶者向前倾斜身体它就向前行驶，可是如果他向后倾斜机器就会停止然后向相反方向行进。
article.yeeyan.org
5. But once you actually do jump backward in time, you still seem to have a choice about what to do next.
而一旦你确实及时地向后跳了，仍然会面对下一步要做什么的选择。
article.yeeyan.org
6. According to our previous discussion, this change would be backward compatible.
根据我们前面的讨论，这个变更将是向后兼容的。
www.ibm.com
7. All of these backward-compatible changes have been lumped together into the WSDL in Listing 7.
所有的这些向后兼容的改变都已经被集中到了 清单7 中的WSDL 中。
www.ibm.com
8. So, you reinforce the pig for walking forward and you punish the pig for walking backward.
那你就对这头猪向前走的行为给予强化,如果它向后退，你就惩罚它。
v.163.com
9. I can only think of one backward-compatible change to output: type restriction.
我认为只有一个对输出的向后兼容改变：类型约束。
www.ibm.com
10. It is not without its critics, but newer versions of the specification are attempting to address these concerns while maintaining backward compatibility.
当然，并非没有批评的声音，但规范的新版本在保持向后兼容性的基础上正在努力尝试解决这些问题。
www.infoq.com
11. The challenge is not, of course, to point out how morally backward so many Christians were just 200 years ago.
当然，这种挑战并非是要指出，仅200年前这么多的基督徒道义上是如何落后。
article.yeeyan.org
12. An Austrian scientist has another idea: Work backward by manipulating neurons to figure out what they do.
一位奥地利科学家还有另一个想法：反向操纵神经元弄清楚他们是怎么工作的。
article.yeeyan.org
13. All chunks can be traversed starting from any known chunk in either a forward or backward direction.
所有的块都可以从任意已知块开始以向前或向后的方向被遍历。
article.yeeyan.org
14. The ultimate victims of the death sentence are the backward, the minorities and the weak.
死刑判决的最终受害者都是那些落后群体、少数群体和弱势群体。
article.yeeyan.org
15. But of course, once something is done, it is difficult to improve it without breaking backward compatibility.
当然，一旦执行了某些操作，就很难在不打破向后兼容性的情况下对它加以改进。
www.ibm.com
16. As shown in the demo video (see Resources), these three-finger gestures are used to move forward and backward in the browsing history.
如演示视频所示（请参阅 参考资料），这些三指手势用于在浏览历史记录时向前和向后移动。
www.ibm.com
17. But if you make minor, backward-compatible changes to your service as described in this paper, being careful not to change behavior, then old clients can still talk with your new service.
但正如这篇文章所述，如果您对您的服务做一些局部的、向后兼容的改变，时刻注意不改变其行为，那么旧客户端仍可以与您的新服务进行通信。
www.ibm.com
18. Then she was violently yanked backward off her feet.
然后她被猛地向后拽，直到双脚离地。
article.yeeyan.org
19. They want to add new functionality while maintaining backward compatibility.
他们希望在添加新功能的同时保持向后兼容性。
www.ibm.com
20. Henan province in central China and Shanxi in the north each have more than 200 of the "backward" facilities.
中国中部的河南省和北部的山西省每个省有超过200个落后的设备。
article.yeeyan.org
21. As the effort progresses, the component becomes more feature-rich and, as long as strict backward compatibility is maintained, the other applications that deploy it benefit as well.
随着这个过程的发展，组件的特性会越来越丰富，而且只要保持严格的向后兼容性，部署它的其他应用程序也会受益。
www.ibm.com
22. On the other hand, if a backward incompatible change is introduced without versioning, existing consumers will no longer work.
另一方面，如果引入无版本控制的不向后兼容变更，现有使用者将不能再工作。
www.ibm.com
23. Backward compatibility in existing systems; we decided to ignore that aspect when we built the system.
当前系统的向后兼容性。当我们构建新系统时，我们决定忽略这一方面。
www.infoq.com
24. In that sense, Internet use is like a periscope: When users age 50-plus put theirs up, researchers have found, they’re looking both backward and forward, toward the past and the future.
在这个意义上，互联网的使用像潜望镜：当使用者年龄50余岁时，研究人员已经发现，他们也在向后和向前的寻找，面向过去和未来。
article.yeeyan.org
25. Daniel: Of course, he succeeds in crouched jump and backward spinning dive.
丹尼尔:当然，他成功地完成了抱膝跳水和向后旋转跳水。
www.kekenet.com
26. Daniel: Of course, he succeeds in crouched jump and backward spinning dive.
丹尼尔:当然，他成功地完成了抱膝跳水和向后旋转跳水。
www.kekenet.com
27. The country is still in a backward state.
那个国家仍然处于落后状态。
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
28. Our society is going backward.
我们的社会在倒退。
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
29. Does your handwriting slope forward or backward?
你的书法向前斜还是向后斜?
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
30. This is a useful variable to employ when you have directional information to convey (up or down, backward or forward).
当我们有和方向有关的信息需要传达时（上或下，前进或后退），方位是个很有用的变量。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
31. He had a firsthand taste of life in backward mountainous areas.
他直接体验过落后山区的生活。
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
32. He is backward in giving his views in public.
他怯于在公众场所发表意见。
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
33. early (backward) crops
早熟（晚熟）
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
34. move forward [backward]
前进 [后退]
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
35. If this same function were to be added to the interface following a user’s mental model, it might be manifested as a comparison control. This function would let you repeatedly take one step forward or backward to compare two states.
如果这样的功能添加到遵循用户心理模型的界面上，它可能显示为一个比较控件，该功能让你反复地向前或者向后在视觉上比较两个状态。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
36. This omission is one of the most destructive, backward steps in modern software design. This failure can be attributed to the interdependence of files and the organizational systems in which they exist, an interdependence that doesn’t exist in the mechanical world.
这种忽略是现代软件设计中最具破坏性的退步之一，这种失败归因于文件及其存在的组织系统之间的相互依赖。 而在物理世界中，这种相互依赖是不存在的。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
backward
