by
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prep. 通过；被；依据；经由；在附近；在……之前
adv. 通过；经过；附近；[互联网] 白俄罗斯的国家代码顶级域名
prep.
在…旁边；表示方式；由于；经过
adv.
经过；表示保留或保存时用；短暂拜访；
双语释义
prep.(介词)(表示位置)在…近旁; 在身边near
(表示时间)不迟于; 在…时候 not later than
(表示移动方向)从…中经过 passing through or along
(表示方式)搭乘,通过; 抓住…; 靠,采取; 就…而论; 以…称呼方式; 以…的名义; 凭着 through the use or means of
(表示原因)随…而来 as the result of
(表示方位)偏于 inclined to one side
(表示环境)借着…光亮 depend upon the light of
(表示关涉)经过 passing through
(表示程度)以…之差 with disparity of
(表示关系)对待treat
(表示依据)根据 in accordance with
(表示比率)以…幅度; 以…为单位; …比 …to the amount or degree of
(表示累加)(一个)接着 one by one
(表示动作者)被〔由〕; 由…创作〔演奏〕 show the name of the person who wrote a book, directed a film, made a work of art, etc.
adv.(副词)在近旁near
经过,走过past
保留 in reserve
英英释义
by
adv.
so as to pass a given point
同义词：past
in reserve; not for immediate use
"put something by for her old age"
同义词：asideaway
词汇搭配
用作介词 (prep.)
动词+～
abide by遵守，履行
adopt by acclamation通过口头表决方式通过
brush by触到，擦及
carry by acclamation通过口头表决方式通过
catch sb by surprise使某人吃惊，使惊异，使感到意外
characterize by以…为特征
clap sb by the heels给某人上镣铐；把某人逮捕入狱
come by（尤指通过努力）得到，获得；偶然得到
deal by对待
die by one's own hand自杀
divide by除
do by待，对待
do by halves做…半途而废
do right by sb公平地对待某人，给某人应有的评价
drop by the wayside半途而废，中途退出
escape by the skin of one's teeth死里逃生
fall by the wayside半途而废，中途退出
fall together by the ears扭打起来；争吵起来
get by通过障碍
get sb by the short hairs控制住某人，使某人就范
get the wrong sow by the ear弄错了人（或事），得出错误结论
go by从…经过
go by default没有，缺乏；因疏忽（或未该做的事）而致丧失
go by the board从外侧落出；被遗忘，被忽视；落空
go by the book遵照规章行事
go by the name of用…的名字
go by the wayside被撇在一边，被搁置，被抛弃
grab time by the forelock抓住时机
hang by a hair千钧一发；岌岌可危；摇摇欲坠
hang by a thread千钧一发，岌岌可危
hang by the wall被搁置不用，被打入冷宫
hang (on) by the eyelids千钧一发
have a bear by the tail遇到难以应付（或控制）的事情
have a tiger by the tail遇到劲敌；处境比预料的困难
have a wolf by the ears处于危急境地
have sb by the short hairs控制住某人，使某人就范
hold by坚持；遵守；接受；赞成
intoxicate sb by醉；陶醉于
judge by按…判断，断定，认为
know by sight与…只是面熟（并不熟识）
lead sb by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走；完全控制某人
lie by躺在…旁边
live by one's wits靠耍花招（或耍小聪明）骗人过日子
lay by放在…旁边
lay sb by the heels把某人逮捕下狱；推翻某人；挫败某人
live by以…为生计；遵守，遵循
lose by因…遭受损失，因…而吃亏
mean well by sb对某人怀有好意
measure another's corn by one's own bushel以己度人
measure another's (man's) foot by one's own last以己度人
miss by a mile远远没有击中，完全离谱；遭到惨败，完全不成功
oblige sb by为某人效劳，帮忙
pass by经过，从…旁走过
play it by ear根据情形行动，即时应付
profit by得益
pull up by the roots连根拔起
push by赶上；超越
repay...by以…酬报，回报
replace...by以…替代〔置换〕
seize time by the forelock抓住时机
set by尊重，重视
set by the ears使争吵
set sb by the heels给某人上镣铐；把某人逮捕入狱
sit by坐在…旁边
sit by nelly跟别人学着做
sth to remember sb by供别人记住某人的东西，别人赖以记住某人的东西；让某人记住某人厉害的一顿揍
speak by the card说话精确
stand by支持或帮助；信守（诺言等）
stand by one's side站在某人的旁边，道义上支持某人
stick by忠于，对…真心；坚持，维护（原则等）
swear by极其信赖；凭…发誓，以…名义发誓
take an occasion by the forelock抓住时机
take an opportunity by the forelock抓住时机
take by抓住（某物或某人的部位）
take...by storm攻占，袭击；使倾倒，使神魂颠倒
take by surprise使吃惊，使感到意外；奇袭，使措手不及
take sb by the short hairs控制住某人，使某人就范
take the bull by the horns大胆地对付困难（或危险）
take time by the forelock抓住时机
tell by根据…判断〔推断〕
vote by acclamation通过口头表决方式通过
what do you mean by...?你说（或做…）是什么意思？你怎么胆敢…？你凭什么竟敢…
？
win by a short head（赛马时）仅以一个马头的距离获胜，以极小的差别获胜，险胜
动词+名词+～
do the handsome〔decent〕 thing by宽厚地〔亲切地，慷慨地〕对待
set one's eyes〔an eye〕 by喜爱，看重
～+名词
as if by magic立即，飞快地，快得（或好得）令人难以置信的
by a canvas以毫厘之差
by a hair's breadth（以）极少的数量或极短的距离；险些，间不容发地
by a long way远远地，大大地
by a neck（赛马中）以一颈之差（获胜或失利）
by a nose以少许之差
by a short head（赛马）以不到一个马头的距离；以极少的量
by a street以悬殊（或差距），大幅度地
by accident偶然，意外地
by accident of凭机遇；靠命运
by agency of由于…；通过…
by air坐飞机
by （all或long）odds大大（胜过），远远（超过）
by all accounts据说；根据报道
by all appearances显然；外表上
by all manner of means用一切手段；好的；当然
by all means用一切手段；好的；当然
by an eyelash差点儿不，几乎不
by analogy用类推的方法
by any chance或许；可能
by any means用任何可能的办法，不惜任何代价，无论如何
by any manner of means用任何可能的办法，不惜任何代价，无论如何
by any possibility以任何可能的方法
by any stretch of the imagination尽管怎样想象，任凭如何异想天开
by avocation副业是
by auction拍卖
by appointment约定
by birth出身
by blood按血统
by chance偶然
by choice如果必须选择的话；凭爱好
by coincidence巧合
by common consent经一致同意
by comparison (with)与…比较起来；通过比较
by contract承包
by contraries与预期的相反；与逻辑相违背；相反地
by contrast相比之下
by course of按…的惯例
by courtesy of承蒙许可；承蒙好意
by crack哎呀，我的天哪
by day白天
by default因对方、他队等未出场
by definition根据定义；实质上
by degrees逐渐地
by dint of借…的力量，凭借；由于
by ear凭听觉
by easy stages途中有停歇地，行行歇歇地，从容不迫地
by fair means or foul用正当或不正当的手段，不择手段地
by fits (and starts)一阵一阵地；间歇地
by force用武力
by force of凭借，由于；以…手段
by good luck侥幸
by goods用货车装运
by guess凭猜测
by guess and by God凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
by guess and by Godfrey凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
by guess and by gosh凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
by guess and by golly凭猜测；凭直觉和约略估计
by half到极大程度，大大地
by halves部分地，不完善地；半心半意地，不太热心地
by hand人工的；捎来的
by heart熟记
by heaven哎呀，天哪
by hook or by crook用种种方法；不择手段地
by ill luck不巧
by implication含蓄地；暗示地
by inches差一点儿
by instinct凭本能
by leaps and bounds极其迅速地
by lease以租借方式
by long chalk(s)远远地，大大地，在很大程度上
by main strength以全力，靠全身力气
by marriage通过姻亲关系
by means of用…
by mistake弄错
by my faith我担保，千真万确
by my troth我保证
by name名为；名叫
by nature天生
by necessity of circumstances由于客观情况需要，为情势所迫
by night在夜里，趁黑夜
by no manner of means一点也不；决不
by no means一点也不；决不
not by a long chalk完全没有，一点也不
not by a long shot远不，根本不
not by a long sight远非；一点也不
by number按数字，根据号码
by numbers按数量上的优势
by occasion of因为，由于
by one's own admission自己所承认
by one's own fair hand亲手，亲自
by one's (own) bootstrap依靠自己的力量，自力更生地
by one's (own) lights按照自己的能力
by order of奉某人之命；按某人的命令
by origin按出身
by post邮寄
by profession职业是
by rail由铁路，用火车
by reason of由于，因为
by reason that因为，由于
by reputation由名声
by repute由名声
by request (of)就（…的）要求（或请求）
by retail零售
by return由最近一班回程邮递
by return of post由最近一班回程邮递
by return of mail由最近一班回程邮递
by right of因为，由于
by rights按理说；基于正当或合法的权利
by road由公路
by rote凭记忆
by rule按规则
by rule and line精确地，精密地
by sea由海路
by sight仅识其面
by some means or other用某种方法
by the book严格按规则
by the by顺便提一句
by the bye顺便提一句
by the day按日
by the dozen按打；成打的（地）
by the ears不和，在争吵中
by (the) favour of烦请…面交
by the grace of承蒙天恩
by the gross大宗地，大量地；以批发方式
by the hands of经由的…的手
by the head船头吃水比船尾深的；微醉
by the holy poke一定
by the light of nature天生的；自然而然地
by the job按每件工作
by the look(s) of照…看来
by the name of称作；叫做
by the numbers按口令
by the piece按件（或个等）计算
by the same token同样地；同理
by the sea在海边，在海滨
by the seat of one's pants凭感觉，凭本能，凭经验
by the side of在…旁边，在…附近
by the skin of one's teeth仅；刚刚
by the square精确地，确切地
by the stern艉部吃水较深地，后倾地
by the sweat of one's brow靠自己辛勤劳动
by the sweat of one's face靠自己辛勤劳动
by the way在路上,顺便问一下
by the yard冗长地，没完没了地
by thumb以免费搭车方式
by trade职业是
by trial and error反复试验，不断摸索
by turns轮流
by virtue of凭借
by vocation职业是
by water乘船，由水路
by way of经由
by weight按重量，根据重量
by wholesale批发
by wire用电报
by word of mouth口头上
by your leave请允许我；对不起
not by any means决不
not by any manner of means决不
too...by half太…，过于…
名词+～+名词
bit by bit一点一点地
day by day一天一天地；逐日
drop by drop点点滴滴地，一点一滴地
inch by inch慢慢的；逐步地；一点一点地
side by side肩并肩地，一起；等同于
stage by stage逐步地，循序渐进地
step by step逐步
stone by stone一点一滴地
year by year年复一年
副词+～
hard by在…近旁
～+副词
by far…得多；最…；显然
by much大大地，到极大程度
by now到现在
副词+～+副词
little by little一点一滴地
～+代词
by itself自动地；孤单地
by myself我独自地；我独立地
by oneself单独；独自
by ourselves我们独自地；我们独立地
by yourself你单独地，独自地；你独立地，全靠你自己
～+数词
by ones and twos一次一两个，三三两两地
by the hundred成百地，数以百计地，大批大批地
by (the) hundreds成百地，数以百计地，大批大批地
by the thousand成千地，数以千计地，大批大批地
by (the) thousands成千地，数以千计地，大批大批地
by twos and threes三三两两地
数词+～+数词
one by one一个一个地
two by two两个两个地
用作副词 (adv.)
动词+～
call by顺便访问
come by进来
drop by顺便访问
get by通过；还可以，勉强可接受；设法勉强生存
go by经过
put...by存（钱等）以备未来之需
roll by（时间）流逝
scrape by勉强及格，勉强度过去
stand by袖手旁观；准备行动；在场，在附近
stop by（顺便）过访，串门
tick by(时间)流逝；（钟表）滴滴答答响
词组短语
by oneself独自地，单独
by and large大体上，总的来说
by and by不久以后
双语例句
用作介词(prep.)
The house by the lake is a restaurant.
湖边的那座房子是家饭店。
He entered by the back door.
他从后门进入。
The project was viewed favorably by the committee.
那计划受到该委员会的好评。
He let himself down slowly by means of a rope.
他用一条绳子滑下来。
用作副词(adv.)
He hurried by and disappeared in the wood.
他匆匆走过去，消失在森林里。
I always keep a bottle of wine by in case friends call round.
我平时总存着一瓶酒以备朋友来时喝。
He lives near by.
他住在附近。
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by
by: [OE] By comes from a prehistoric Germanic *bi, which appears ultimately to be the same form as the second syllable of Latin ambi- (as in ambidextrous), Greek amphí (as in amphitheatre), and Old English ymbe, all of which meant ‘on both sides, round’. The original meaning of by thus seems to be ‘close to, near’. By is the basis of the prefix be-, as in befall and belong.
by (prep.)
Old English be- (unstressed) or bi (stressed) "near, in, by, during, about," from Proto-Germanic *bi "around, about" (cognates: Old Saxon and Old Frisian bi "by near," Middle Dutch bie, Dutch bij, German bei "by, at, near," Gothic bi "about"), from *umbi (cognate with second element in PIE *ambhi "around;" see ambi-). Originally an adverbial particle of place, in which sense it is retained in place names (Whitby, Grimsby, etc.). Elliptical use for "secondary course" (opposed to main, as in byway, also compare by-blow "illegitimate child," 1590s) was in Old English. This also is the sense of the second by in the phrase by the by (1610s). By the way literally means "in passing by" (mid-14c.); used figuratively to introduce a tangential observation by 1540s. Phrase by and by (early 14c.) originally meant "one by one," modern sense is from 1520s. By and large (1660s) originally was nautical, "sailing to the wind and off it," hence "in one direction then another."
1. They met force by force.
他们以暴力对付暴力。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
2. She was bemused by all the questions.
她被所有这些问题难住了。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
3. I defeated him by knocking down his argument.
我通过驳斥他的论点挫败了他。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
4. The stone rolled down the mountain by gravity.
这块石头由于重力作用而滚下山。
《新英汉大辞典》
5. We traverse the desert by truck.
我们乘卡车横穿沙漠。
www.kfyes.com
6. You can get me by telephone.
你可以通过电话与我联系。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
7. He always sets his watch by mine.
他总是以我的表为准对他的表。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
8. He was yanked off by some men this morning.
他是今天早晨被几个男人抓走的。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
9. Did you come by the nearest road?
你是由最近的路来的吗?
《新英汉大辞典》
10. He was split on by his friend.
他是被他的朋友出卖的。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
11. My handbag was hustled by him.
我的手袋被他强夺去了。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
12. He was zonked by the sudden accident.
他被这场意外的事故惊呆了。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
13. The submarine is driven by nuclear power.
这艘潜艇是由核动力驱动的。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
14. The word is now English by adoption.
这个词现在已被采纳入英语。
《新英汉大辞典》
15. He killed off the whole morning by listening to the music.
他通过听音乐消磨掉了整个上午的时光。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
16. We can communicate with people in most parts of the world by telephone.
我们可以通过电话与世界大部分地区的人民联系。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
17. Consultations can be arranged at other times by appointment.
磋商可以通过预约安排在其他时间。
《新英汉大辞典》
18. The two clauses are joined by a conjunction.
这两个分句由一个连词连在一起。
《新英汉大辞典》
19. One by one they got out.
他们一个一个地走了出去。
《新英汉大辞典》
20. I pay them by the hour.
我按小时付给他们钱。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
21. We should learn by the mistakes of others.
我们应该从别人的错误中吸取教训。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
22. I exist by what I think.
我靠所思考的东西而生存。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
23. We reverence tradition but will not be fettered by it.
我们尊重传统，但不被传统所束缚。
《新英汉大辞典》
24. I know her by her voice.
我凭声音知道是她。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
25. I was stuck by the situation.
我被这种局面搞糊涂了。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
26. It is coveted by collectors.
它被收藏家们所垂涎。
《新英汉大辞典》
27. He doffed his hat as they went by.
当他们经过时他脱帽致敬。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
28. We tented them by the lake.
我们安排他们在湖畔宿营。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
29. We should live by our own principles.
我们应该按照自己的原则生活。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
30. I saw him sticking by the square.
我看见他一直在广场附近闲荡。
《21世纪大英汉词典》
31. Compare at night, by night, in the night, during the night, on a (... ) night (... ).
试比较at night、 by night、 in the night、 during the night、 on a (.
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
32. User interfaces designed by engineers follow the implementation model
工程师是按照实现模型来设计用户界面的
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
33. Everything in its place: Storage and retrieval by location
一切都各就其位：通过位置存储和检索
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
34. These interactions are typically supported by clear cursor hinting.
一般来说，清晰的光标暗示辅助支持这样的交互。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
35. World vectors are required by beginners and by more experienced users accessing advanced or seldom-used functions. Head vectors are used extensively by intermediates and even more so by experts.
世界途径是初学者需要的，经验丰富的用户在访问高级的或者极少使用的功能时也需要它；头脑途径则由中间用户广泛地使用，甚至更多地由专家用户使用。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
36. Unfortunately, our expectations are confounded by poor design.
不幸的是，我们的期望被糟糕的设计所混淆。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
37. Gaps in this data are filled by supplemental research and data provided by SMEs, stakeholders, and available literature.
其他的补充数据可以通过主题专家、利益关系人，以及对文献的调查研究中来获得。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
38. In " A dog bit Chris " the verb is active, but in " Chris was bitten by a dog " the verb is passive.
在A dog bit Chris 中，动词是主动语态；在Chris was bitten by a dog 中，动词是被动语态。
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
39. Compare near, nearby and near by.
试比较near、 nearby、 near by.
-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句
40. followed almost immediately by “How are these things related?”
第2个问题也会立即产生：“这些元素之间有什么关系？”
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
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