given
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adj. 赠予的；沉溺的
prep. 考虑到
v. 给予（give的过去分词）
n. (Given)人名；(英、土)吉文
adj.
指定的，确定的；假设的，假定的；有…倾向的；赠送的
prep.
（表示原因）考虑到；（表示假设）倘若，假定；
n.
假设；
v.
给予，赠送( give的过去分词)；
双语释义
adj.(形容词)[A]规定的,特定的 fixed for a purpose and stated as such
prep.(介词)(表示原因)考虑到 think over sth; consider sth
(表示假设)倘若; 假定 if one takes into account
英英释义
given
n.an assumption that is taken for granted
同义词：presumptionprecondition
adj.
acknowledged as a supposition
"given the engine's condition, it is a wonder that it started"
同义词：granted
having possession delivered or transferred without compensation
(usually followed by `to') naturally disposed toward
同义词：apt(p)disposed(p)minded(p)tending(p)
词汇搭配
用作形容词 (adj.)
～+名词
given area〔time〕特定地区〔时间〕
词组短语
given up已放弃
given time给定时间
given year计算年
given name 教名；名字（等于first name）
given value给定值，已知值
given price已知价格
双语例句
用作形容词(adj.)
You have to finish the work within the given time.
你们必须在规定时间内完成这项工作。
The given radius being 4 ft., find the circumference.
已知半径为四英尺,求周长。
He is given to boasting.
他喜欢吹牛。
用作介词(prep.)
Given his age, he did it quite well.
考虑到他的年龄，他做得相当好。
Given their inexperience, they've done their best.
考虑到他们缺乏经验，他们已经尽力了。
权威例句
Sensemaking in OrganizationsThe wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedom
Patient satisfaction on post operative instructions given by hospital staff on discharge
MP30-14 URINARY INCONTINENCE AFTER PRIMARY WHOLE GLAND PROSTATE CRYOABLATION: DOES FUNCTION IMPROVE AT 1-YEAR FOLLOWING TREATMENT?
Optimization by Simulated Annealing
Management Science
Mining Assocation Rules between Sets of Items in Large Databases
Improved patch-clamp techniques for high-resolution current recording from cells and cell-free membrane patches
Graph-Based Algorithms for Boolean Function ...
An application-specific protocol architecture for ...
given (adj.)
late 14c., "allotted, predestined," past participle adjective from give (v.). From 1560s as "admitted, supposed, allowed as a supposition." From late 14c. as "disposed, addicted." Middle English also had a noun give, yeve "that which is given or offered freely." The modern noun sense of "what is given, known facts" is from 1879. Given name (1827) so called because given at baptism.
1. They are often given incomplete, confusing, and sometimes contradictory instructions and are forced to make significant decisions about the user experience with little time or background.
但是，他们收到的指示往往有所纰漏，令人费解，有时甚至前后矛盾。他们不得不在极紧迫的时间，以及缺乏背景资料的情况下做出关于用户体验的重大决定。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
2. This can be a challenge, given the spatial limitations of the automobile dashboard, center console, and steering wheel.
在仪表盘、中心控制台和方向盘等空间相对有限的情况下，这是一个挑战。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
3. Oddly, only two of these three states have been given names by Microsoft: minimized and maximized.
奇怪的是微软只命名了这3种状态中的两种，即最小化和最大化。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
4. But to be given negative feedback by a machine is an insult.
但是软件产生的负面反馈——无论是什么软件——都是一种侮辱。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
5. Figure 2-1: The way engineers must build software is often a given, dictated by various technical and business constraints.
图2-1 工程师开发软件的方式通常是给定的，并且常常受制于技术和业务上的限制。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
6. Given the choice of no noise versus noise for negative feedback, people will choose the former. Given the choice of no noise versus soft and pleasant noises for positive feedback, however, many people will choose the feedback.
在没有声音与有声音的负面反馈之间，人们会选择前者；在无声音与有噪声的正面反馈之间，人们会根据个人情况和品位选择；在无声音与柔和悦耳的正面听觉反馈之间，人们会选择后者。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
7. It may willingly perform difficult work, but only when given the precise command at precisely the correct time.
它也许愿意执行艰难的任务，但是只在正确的时间，接收到精确的命令时它才会那么做。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
8. Given the difficulty in accurately anticipating behavioral variables before user data is gathered, another helpful approach in building a persona hypothesis is making use of demographic variables.
考虑到收据用户数据之前精确预测行为变量十分困难，另外一个建立人物角色假设时的有用方法是使用人口统计学变量。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
9. Many users who have mastered the name portion have completely given up on trying to understand the directory tree.
很多已经掌握了文件命名的用户，在理解目录树时不得不放弃。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
10. Their natural tendency is to design implementation-model software with every possible option given equal emphasis in the interaction, which they, as experts, have no problem understanding.
自然而然，他们倾向于按照实现模型来设计软件，并且在交互中对每一种可能的情况都给予同等重视，因为作为专家他们不存在理解的问题。
-- 来源 -- About Face 3交互设计精髓
given
