scratch
n. 擦伤；抓痕；刮擦声；乱写
adj. 打草稿用的；凑合的；碰巧的
vt. 抓；刮；挖出；乱涂
vi. 抓；搔；发刮擦声；勉强糊口；退出比赛
vt.
擦，刮；擦痛，擦伤；在…处搔痒；抓破
vi.
发出刮擦声；擦红，擦伤；搔痒；抓，扒
n.
擦，刮；刮擦声；搔痕；乱写乱画
adj.
打草稿用的，随便写用的；碰巧的，侥幸的；东拼西凑的；平等比赛的
变形
复数：scratches过去式：scratched过去分词：scratched现在分词：scratching第三人称单数：scratches
双语释义
v.(动词)vt. & vi. 抓; 搔 make lines on or in a surface with sth pointed or sharp e.g. fingernails, claws
vt. & vi. 刮伤 get (oneself, a part of the body) clutched by accident
vt. & vi. 勾掉 draw a line or lines through a word or words, a name, etc.
vt. 退出比赛 withdraw (a horse, a candidate, oneself) from a competition; take out (the name of a horse, a candidate) from a list of entries for a race or competition
n.(名词)[S] 抓; 搔痒 an act of scratching (a part of the body)
[C] 抓痕,抓伤 a mark or small wound made by scratching
[C] 刮擦声 a sound made by scratching
英英释义
scratch[ skrætʃ ]
n.
an abraded area where the skin is torn or worn off
同义词：abrasionscrapeexcoriation
a depression scratched or carved into a surface
同义词：incisionprickslitdent
informal terms for money
同义词：boodlebreadcabbageclamsdinerodoughgeltkalelettucelollylucrelootmoolahpelfshekelssimoleonssugarwampum
dry mash for poultry
同义词：chicken feed
a harsh noise made by scraping
同义词：scrapescrapingscratching
poor handwriting
同义词：scribblescrawlcacography
an indication of damage
同义词：scrapescarmark
v.
cause friction
"my sweater scratches"
同义词：rubfrayfretchafe
cut the surface of; wear away the surface of
同义词：scrapescratch up
scrape or rub as if to relieve itching
"Don't scratch your insect bites!"
同义词：rubitch
postpone indefinitely or annul something that was scheduled
"scratch that meeting--the chair is ill"
同义词：cancelcall offscrub
remove by erasing or crossing out or as if by drawing a line
"scratch that remark"
同义词：strikeexpungeexcise
gather (money or other resources) together over time
"they scratched a meager living"
同义词：scrapescrape upcome up
carve, cut, or etch into a material or surface
"the lovers scratched their names into the bark of the tree"
同义词：engravegraveinscribe
词汇搭配
用作动词 (v.)
～+名词
scratch one's ear搔耳朵
scratch one's head搔头
scratch a hole扒坑
scratch one's legs刺伤双腿
scratch the table划坏桌子
～+副词
scratch eagerly热心地勾掉
scratch inadvertently非故意地刮伤
scratch industriously勤奋地抓
scratch obviously明显地刮伤
scratch ruthlessly无情地勾掉
scratch sorely使人伤心地退出比赛
scratch unexpectedly意外地刮伤
scratch the plants away把植物扒掉
scratch out a name from a list从名单上划去一个名字
scratch together拼凑
scratch up a bone扒出一根骨头
～+介词
scratch at抓
scratch at the door在门上乱抓
scratch for oneself竭力独自谋生
scratch on在…上刻画
scratch hand on a nail手被钉子划伤
scratch name on the wall在墙上刻下名字
用作名词 (n.)
形容词+～
nasty scratch难看的划痕
slight scratch轻微的擦伤
词组短语
from scratch白手起家；从头做起
start from scratch从头开始；白手起家；从起跑线开始
up to scratch达到标准
without a scratch一点儿也没受伤，安然无恙
scratch the surface只做了肤浅的研究；不深刻，不周详
scratch for oneself[美国口语]关心自身利益
scratch line n. 起跑线
on scratch准时，正点
scratch resistance抗划伤；耐擦伤性
starting from scratch白手起家；从零开始
scratch resistant耐划伤性
scratch test过敏性测验；划痕试验
同近义词辨析
scratch, bruise, bump/lump, cut, burnscratch抓伤；
bruise擦伤
bump/lump碰伤肿块；
cut割伤；
burn灼伤；
双语例句
用作动词(v.)
The dog is scratching at the door.
狗正在抓门。
He pretended to scratch his ear.
他假装搔耳朵。
I had to scratch my head to remember his name.
我只想苦苦地回忆他的名字。
Be careful not to scratch the furniture.
小心别刮坏家具。
He scratched out my name on that list.
他把我的名字从那个名单上删除。
Will you scratch that sticker off the car window?
请你把车窗上的那张贴纸撕下好吗?
用作名词(n.)
There's a scratch on the side of my car.
我的汽车侧面有一道划痕。
You can clean the scratch with alcohol.
你可以用酒精把擦痕去掉。
He heard the scratch of a match.
他听到划火柴的声音。
His career started from scratch.
他的事业从头开始。
I decide to learn English from scratch.
我决定从头学习英语。
权威例句
Scratch: Programming for AllScratch: programming for all.
The Scratch Programming Language and Environment
SCRATCH: a protein structure and structural feature prediction server.
Learning Face Representation from Scratch
Display device with low scratch visibility and manufacturing method thereof
In vitro scratch assay: a convenient and inexpensive method for analysis of cell migration in vitro.
An optimal memory allocation scheme for scratch-pad-based embedded systems
Serological response to "Rochalimaea henselae"antigen in suspected cat-scratch disease
Liang CC, Park AY, Guan JLIn vitro scratch assay: a convenient and inexpensive method for analysis of cell migration in vitro. Nat P...
scratch
scratch: [15] Early Middle English had two words for ‘scratch’ – scrat and cratch; and it seems likely that scratch represents a blend of them. Where exactly they came from is not clear, although cratch is no doubt related to German kratzen ‘scratch’, and both probably had their origins in imitation of the sound of scratching.
scratch (v.)
c. 1400, probably a fusion of Middle English scratten and crachen, both meaning "to scratch," both of uncertain origin. Related: Scratched; scratching. Billiards sense of "to hit the cue ball into a pocket" is first recorded 1909 (also, originally, itch), though earlier it meant "a lucky shot" (1850). Meaning "to withdraw (a horse) from a race" is 1865, from notion of scratching name off list of competitors; used in a non-sporting sense of "cancel a plan, etc." from 1680s. To scratch the surface "make only slight progress in penetrating or understanding" is from 1882. To scratch (one's) head as a gesture of perplexity is recorded from 1712.
scratch (n.)
1580s, "slight skin tear produced by a sharp thing," from scratch (v.). Meaning "mark or slight furrow in metal, etc." is from 1660s. American English slang sense of "money" is from 1914, of uncertain signification. Many figurative senses (such as up to scratch, originally "ready to meet one's opponent") are from sporting use for "line or mark drawn as a starting place," attested from 1778 (but the earliest use is figurative); meaning "nothing" (as in from scratch) is 1918, generalized from specific 19c. sporting sense of "starting point of a competitor who receives no odds in a handicap match." Sense in billiards is from 1850. Scratch-pad is attested from 1883.
Scratch (n.2)
in Old Scratch "the Devil," 1740, from earlier Scrat, from Old Norse skratte "goblin, wizard," a word which was used in late Old English to gloss "hermaphrodite;" probably originally "monster" (compare Old High German scraz, scrato "satyr, wood demon," German Schratt, Old High German screz "a goblin, imp, dwarf;" borrowed from Germanic into Slavic, as in Polish skrzat "a goblin").
1. Does the cat scratch?
这只猫抓人吗？
《牛津词典》
2. How did you come by that scratch on your cheek?
你脸颊上的抓伤是怎么来的？
《牛津词典》
3. Building a home from scratch can be both exciting and challenging.
白手起家既激动人心又具有挑战性。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
4. They decided to dismantle the machine and start again from scratch.
他们决定拆掉机器，从头再来。
《牛津词典》
5. Scratch yourself if you itch.
如果你感到痒，就搔好了。
《新英汉大辞典》
6. These can dent and scratch your floor.
这些都会让你的地板产生凹陷、划痕。
youdao
7. We don't have time to start from scratch.
我们没有时间从草稿开始。
youdao
8. Now, a person can be animated from scratch.
现在，一个人可以从零开始被动画化。
youdao
9. Never once did he try to bite or scratch me.
他从来没有想过要咬我或抓我。
youdao
10. If we have to start from scratch then all take time.
如果我们必须从头开始，那么一切都需要时间。
youdao
11. How are we to know that it wasn't you who made the scratch?
我们怎么知道抓痕不是由你造成的？
youdao
12. First of all, there's this large scratch across the front of it.
首先，它前面有个很大的划痕。
youdao
13. We had to start from scratch together. We did all of our research in the library together.
我们必须从零开始。我们一起在图书馆做了所有的研究。
youdao
14. At first the kitten might scratch at the bars, push at the ceiling, dig at the floor, howl, etc.
起初小猫可能会抓栏杆，推顶棚，挖底板，吼叫等等。
youdao
15. When you created a variable in scratch, you could either make it for this sprite only or for all sprites.
当你在scratch 中创建一个变量，你可以仅针对该精灵或针对所有精灵进行创建。
youdao
16. He was not the type of person offering to pay for refinishing my car, which had by now many scratch marks.
他不是那种愿意为我的汽车补漆付钱的人，我的汽车现在已经有很多刮痕了。
youdao
17. My idol is Jack Ma because he establishes Alibaba, one of the most famous IT companies in China from scratch.
我的偶像是马云，因为他白手起家，创办了中国最出名的一家网络科技公司——阿里巴巴。
youdao
18. Scratch my back – I've got an itch.
给我挠挠背–我痒痒。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
19. His work simply isn't up to scratch.
他的工作根本达不到要求。
《牛津词典》
20. You can scratch my name off the list.
你可以把我的名字从名单上勾掉。
《牛津词典》
21. There's a scratch on the side of my car.
我的汽车侧面有一道划痕。
《牛津词典》
22. They knocked off $60 because of a scratch.
因为有擦痕他们将价格降了60元。
《牛津词典》
23. I learned German from scratch in six months.
我从零学起，六个月学会了德语。
《牛津词典》
24. Dad saw you scratch the car—you've had it now!
爸爸看见你把车身划了—这下可有你好受的了！
《牛津词典》
25. Don't worry, it's only a scratch—you'll survive.
别担心，只不过是划伤，你没事的。
《牛津词典》
26. It'll take months to bring the band up to scratch.
得几个月工夫才能使乐队像个样子。
《牛津词典》
27. Chickens and ducks scratch around the outbuildings.
鸡鸭在外屋四周挖扒。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
28. The old man lifted his cardigan to scratch his side.
那位老人撩起他的开襟毛衣挠了挠身子侧面。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
29. The notes were always on scratch paper or the back of an envelope, nothing fancy.
这些笔记总是在便笺或信封背面上，没什么特别的。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
30. Dogs scratch the furniture.
狗会抓家具。
youdao
scratch
