refrain

英式音标：[rɪˈfreɪn]

美式音标：[rɪˈfren]

词语分类：CET6,TEM4,IELTS,GRE,考研

词汇分类：《绯闻女孩》第一季（逐集添加）,权力的游戏 第三季,发条橙(A Clockwork Orange),BBC《纸牌屋》全12集之生词提炼——英伦经典 原汁原味,疯狂动物城 Zootopia (2016),疯狂动物城Zootopia（2016）

概况：

vi. 节制，克制；避免；制止

n. 叠句，副歌；重复

词义：

vt.

抑制，克制；

n.

（诗歌的）叠句，副歌；经常重复的评价（或抱怨）；

vi.

忍耐，节制；

变形

过去式：refrained过去分词：refrained现在分词：refraining第三人称单数：refrains

双语释义

v.(动词)

vi. 抑制;克制;戒除 hold oneself back from doing sth;forbear

n.(名词)

[C](诗歌的)叠句，副歌 a part of a song that is repeated,especially at the end of each verse

英英释义

refrain[ ,ri:'frein ]

n.the part of a song where a soloist is joined by a group of singers

同义词：chorus

v.

resist doing something

"He refrained from hitting him back"

同义词：forbear

choose not to consume

同义词：abstaindesist

用法：

词汇搭配

用作动词 (v.)

～+介词

refrain from laughing忍住笑

用作名词 (n.)

动词+～

take up sb's refrain为某人帮腔

词组短语

refrain from克制；抑制；忍住

同近义词辨析

constrain, refrain, restrain

constrainv.强迫，力劝，是及物动词。

A law constrains the government from spending more money than it takes in.法律限制政府开支大于收入。

refrainv.抑制，禁止，强调抑制一种冲动，是正式用语，为不及物动词，后接介词from。

Students refrain from smoking in the classroom.学生们克制住不在教师抽烟。

restrain v.抑制，约束，指通过管束阻止某事发生，是及物动词，其习惯用法是restrain sb. (sth.) from doing。

She restrains her dog by walking him on a leash.溜狗时，她牵着狗来限制它的活动。

bridle, check, refrain, curb, inhibit, restrain

这组词都有“阻止、抑制、制止”的意思，其区别是：

bridle指抑制住强烈的感情或欲望。

check多指阻止前进或继续发展。

refrain常指暂时对某种行动或冲动的抑制。

curb可指急剧或果断的制止，也可指用严格的方法加以控制。

inhibit主要指抑制愿望、情绪或念头，也指制止某物的蔓延。

restrain含义广，指用强力或权力去阻止或限制某人做某事。

双语例句

用作动词(v.)

Sunlight can refrain the growth of melatonin in the body.
阳光能抑制身体中褪黑激素的生长。

I carefully refrained from looking at him.
我留意着避免朝他看。

I wish he would refrain from scattering his ash all over the carpet.
我希望他不要将烟灰往地毯上乱弹。

You must refrain from smoking in this area.
在这个区域，你必须克制自己不抽烟。

He could hardly refrain himself.
他几乎不能自制。

用作名词(n.)

Will you all join in singing the refrain, please?
请大家一道来唱副歌好吗?

Refrain makes the poetry beautiful.
叠句让诗歌更优美。

Complaints about poor food in schools have become a familiar refrain.
抱怨学校饭菜差已是耳熟能详的老调了。

权威例句

“The flowers of the forest are a’ wede away”: the dispersal of a familiar refrain

If You Have to Refrain — Maintain.(maintenance of emergency vehicles)

Debate: From refrain to rave: the decline of figure and the rise of ground1

SELF SYNCHRONIZED BEACON

Group hunting behaviour of lions: a search for cooperation

Strategic investment in technological innovations

Quality Ladders in the Theory of Growth

Decentralized cognitive MAC for opportunistic spectrum access in ad hoc networks: A POMDP framework

The DARPA packet radio network protocols

Daily cannabis smoking as a risk factor for progression of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C.

同义词：repeat,overword,iteration

英语词源：

refrain

refrain: Refrain ‘chorus of a song’ [14] and refrain ‘desist’ [14] are different words. The former comes via Old French refrain from Provençal refranh. This was a derivative of the verb refranhar, which went back via Vulgar Latin *refrangere to Latin refringere ‘break off’ (source of English refract [17]). The etymological notion underlying the word is that the chorus of a song ‘breaks off’ and then resumes. Refrain ‘desist’ is descended from Latin refrēnāre ‘hold back’, a compound verb formed from the prefix re- ‘back’ and frēnum ‘bridle’. It reached English via Old French refrener.=> fraction, refract

refrain (v.)

mid-14c., from Old French refraigner "restrain, repress, keep in check" (12c., Modern French Réfréner), from Latin refrenare "to bridle, hold in with a bit, check, curb, keep down, control," from re- "back" (see re-) + frenare "restrain, furnish with a bridle," from frenum "a bridle." Related: Refrained; refraining.

refrain (n.)

late 14c., from Old French refrain "chorus" (13c.), alteration of refrait, noun use of past participle of refraindre "repeat," also "break off," from Vulgar Latin *refrangere "break off," alteration of Latin refringere "break up, break open" (see refraction) by influence of frangere "to break." Influenced in French by cognate Provençal refranhar "singing of birds, refrain." The notion is of something that causes a song to "break off" then resume. OED says not common before 19c.

造句：

1. abstain from ; refrain from

谨慎;避免

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 翻译样例 - 学习

2. cannot refrain from laughing

忍不住发笑

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 短句参考

3. To refrain or forbear.

忍住，克制

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 短句参考

4. refrain from crime

抑制犯罪

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 翻译样例

5. refrain from smoking

克制而不吸烟

-- 来源 -- 汉英 - 翻译参考

6. refrain speculation

抑制投机

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 翻译参考[网络]

7. Keep refrain from smoking.

请勿吸烟。

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 辞典例句

8. repeat the refrain

叠句| 重复唱词

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 翻译参考[网络]

9. Refrain from wrongdoing.

莫做坏事。

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 翻译样例

10. to refrain from smoking

戒烟

-- 来源 -- 英汉 - 短句参考