In ancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In the
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Inancient time the most important examinations were spoken, not written. In theschools of ancient Greece and Rome, testing usually consisted of saying poetryaloud or giving speeches.
Inthe European universities of the Middle Ages, students who were working foradvanced degrees had to discuss questions in their field of study with peoplewho had made a special study of the subject. This custom exists today as partof the process of testing candidates for the doctor’s degree.
Generally,however, modern examinations are written. The written examination, where allstudents are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until thenineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase inpopulation and the development of modern industry. A room full of candidatesfor a state examination, timed exactly by an electric clock and carefullywatched over by managers, resembles a group of workers at an automobilefactory. Certainly, during examinations, teachers and students are expected toact like machines.
Onetype of test is sometimes called “objective” test. It is intended to deal withfacts, not personal opinions. To make up an objective test, the teacher writesa series of questions, each of which has only one correct answer. Along witheach question the teacher write the correct answer and also three statementsthat look like answers to students who have not learned the material properly.
1. Whichof the following statements is true about the students in the Middle Ages?
A. They took objective test.
B. They specialized in onesubject.
C. They were timed by electricalclock.
D. They usually took spokentests.
2. Themain idea of paragraph 3 is that________.
A. workers now take examinations
B. the population had grownrapidly
C. there are only written examstoday
D. examinations are now writtenand timed
3. Modernindustry must have developed ________.
A. before the Middle Ages
B. around the 19thcentury
C. in Greece or Rome
D. machines to take tests
4. It maybe concluded from the passage that testing________.
A. should test only opinions
B. should always be written
C. has changed since the MiddleAges
D. is given only in factories
试题答案
答案：D;D;B;C
解析：| 1. 参见第二段。 2. 第三段讲的是现代的考试，普遍为笔试且有时间限制。 3. 参考The written examination, whereall students are tested on the same questions, was probably not known until thenineteenth century. Perhaps it came into existence with the great increase inpopulation and the development of modern industry. 4. 可用排除法，ABD都是错的，只能选C。
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