adj.努力的；艰巨的；难克服的；陡峭的 英英释义： arduous[ 'ɑ:djuəs ]adj.characterized by toilsome effort to the point of exhaustion; especially physical effort"worked their arduous way up the mining valley"同义词：backbreakinggruelinggruellinghardheavylaboriousoperosepunishingtoil